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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tinro</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия ТИНРО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya TINRO</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1606-9919</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5510</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ТИНРО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26428/1606-9919-2025-205-754-766</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LEXDTA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tinro-1088</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКВАКУЛЬТУРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AQUACULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование состава стартовых кормов и эффективность их использования для выращивания молоди кеты Oncorhynchus keta</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A study on composition of starter feeds and effectiveness of their use for growing fry of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2352-2593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Юрий Николаевич, кандидат технических наук, заведующий отделом</p><p>690091, г. Владивосток, пер. Шевченко, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury N. Kuznetsov, Ph.D., head of department</p><p>Shevchenko Alley, 4, Vladivostok, 690091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iurii.kuznetsov@tinro.vniro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-9603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караулова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaulova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Караулова Екатерина Павловна, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>690091, г. Владивосток, пер. Шевченко, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina P. Karaulova, Ph.D., leading researcher</p><p>Shevchenko Alley, 4, Vladivostok, 690091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina.karaulova@tinro.vniro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1398-3547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баштовой</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashtovoy</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баштовой Александр Николаевич, кандидат технических наук, заведующий сектором</p><p>690091, г. Владивосток, пер. Шевченко, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Bashtovoy, Ph.D., head of sector</p><p>Shevchenko Alley, 4, Vladivostok, 690091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksandr.bashtovoi@tinro.vniro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8889-8657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимчишина</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timchishina</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимчишина Галина Николаевна, кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>690091, г. Владивосток, пер. Шевченко, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Timchishina, Ph.D., leading researcher</p><p>Shevchenko Alley, 4, Vladivostok, 690091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina.timchishina@tinro.vniro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-3047</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слуцкая</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slutskaya</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Слуцкая Татьяна Ноевна, доктор технических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>690091, г. Владивосток, пер. Шевченко, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Slutskaya, D.Tech., professor, principal researcher</p><p>Shevchenko Alley, 4, Vladivostok, 690091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatiana.slutskaia@tinro.vniro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский филиал ВНИРО (ТИНРО)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>205</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>754</fpage><lpage>766</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов Ю.Н., Караулова Е.П., Баштовой А.Н., Тимчишина Г.Н., Слуцкая Т.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов Ю.Н., Караулова Е.П., Баштовой А.Н., Тимчишина Г.Н., Слуцкая Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov Y.N., Karaulova E.P., Bashtovoy A.N., Timchishina G.N., Slutskaya T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiya.tinro-center.ru/jour/article/view/1088">https://izvestiya.tinro-center.ru/jour/article/view/1088</self-uri><abstract><p>В результате сравнительных исследований состава экструдированных стартовых кормов, полученных из животного, растительного сырья и продуктов на основе микробиологического синтеза, установлено, что они содержат 19–32 % углеводов, 10–11 % липидов, 7–9 % минеральных веществ, 47–56 % белка при влажности 3–6 %. Водорастворимые белки кормовых добавок, применяемых в рецептурах кормов, содержат от 30 (гаприн) до 98 % (ферментолизат рыбный) биологически активных пептидов с молекулярной массой (ММ) 1–10 кДа. Исследование молекулярно-массового состава водорастворимой части белков комбикормов, используемых при кормлении кеты, показало, что количество пептидов с ММ 1–10 кДа зависит от вида кормовых добавок и составляет 18–56 % от водорастворимого белка. Наибольшая эффективность стартовых комбикормов, определяемая по конечной массе, выживаемости, абсолютному приросту мальков и кормовому коэффициенту, на Рязановском экспериментально-производственном рыбоводном заводе (РЭПРЗ) установлена для варианта с содержанием биологически активных пептидов около 56 %.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Low molecular weight peptides in the fish feed can enhance growth of fish fry. The protein-containing components of such feeds as raw and hydrolyzed fish, fly larvae, haprin, hydrolyzed yeast, and experimental extruded starter feeds are examined. The extruded feeds (KRLS-1, KRLS-2, KRLS-3, and EF) were produced by another branch of VNIRO (VNIPRH) on the Amandus Kahl pilot production line (Germany). The contents of moisture, mineral fraction, water-soluble proteins and lipids were assessed using standard analytical procedures and the nitrogen content was measured by Kjeldahl method. Protein fractionation was performed using high-performance chromatography. On these data, daily rations of fry were calculated. Mortality of fry was determined by direct counting. Absolute weight gain was calculated as the difference between final and initial weights of fry. The feed coefficient was calculated as the total amount of feed consumed during the 60-day rearing divided by the weight gain, corrected for mortality. Fish farming tests were conducted according to the standard protocol. The examined starter feeds contained 3.5–6.0 % moisture, approximately 50 % protein, 10–11 % lipids, up to 9 % minerals, and 20–30 % carbohydrates. The hydrolysate from raw fish had the highest portion of low molecular weight peptides (1–10 kDa) – 98 % of the water-soluble protein fraction. Hydrolyzed yeast, fly larvae, and haprin contained 96, 51, and approximately 30 % of low molecular weight peptides, respectively. The extruded feeds were well-balanced and contained substantial amounts of low molecular weight peptides, with the highest content for KRLS-3 (55 %) due to its heightened hydrolysate fraction, whereas KRLS-1, KRLS-2, and EF contained 49, 18, and 35 % low molecular weight peptides, respectively (relative to the water-soluble protein fraction). The fish farming tests demonstrated that the fry fed with KRLS-3 starter feed had the biggest final weight (0.830 g) and the highest mean daily weight gain (1.45 %), with the lowest feed conversion ratio (0.88). The feeds KRLS-1 and KRLS-2 showed comparable results. The feed EF was less effective by growth parameters but provided the best survival of fry (98.9 %, compared to 97.0 % for KRLS-3). All tested starter feeds are quite suitable for industrial rearing of chum salmon fry.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стартовые корма</kwd><kwd>мальки кеты</kwd><kwd>биологически активные пептиды</kwd><kwd>рыбоводные испытания</kwd><kwd>молекулярная масса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>starter feed</kwd><kwd>salmon fry</kwd><kwd>biologically active peptide</kwd><kwd>fish farming</kwd><kwd>molecular weight</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность к.х.н. К.Г. Павелю за полученные им экспериментальные данные, которые были использованы в работе, а также выражают свою признательность Г.В. Самойленко за помощь в проведении исследований. Основанием для проведения научно-исследовательской работы являлась Государственная работа «Проведение прикладных научных исследований» государственного задания ФГБНУ «ВНИРО» № 076–00004–23–01.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors are grateful to Konstantin G. Pavel (TINRO) for his experimental data used in the study and also express their gratitude to Galina V. Samoilenko for her kind assistance in the work. The study was based on the State work «Conducting applied scientific research» in the framework of the state assignment to VNIRO № 076–00004–23–01.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гамыгин Е.А. 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