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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tinro</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия ТИНРО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya TINRO</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1606-9919</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5510</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ТИНРО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26428/1606-9919-2019-197-166-181</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tinro-479</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УСЛОВИЯ ОБИТАНИЯ ПРОМЫСЛОВЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTS OF FISHERIES RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСНОВНЫЕ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИЕ ИНДЕКСЫ ДЛЯ СЕВЕРНОЙ ЧАСТИ ТИХОГО ОКЕАНА: ПРИРОДА И ИСТОРИЯ (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PRINCIPAL CLIMATE INDICES FOR THE NORTH PACIFIC: NATURE AND HISTORY (A REVIEW)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хен</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khen</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хен Геннадий Васильевич, кандидат географических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khen Gennady V., Ph.D., leading researcher.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gennady.khen@tinro-center.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устинова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustinova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Устинова Елена Ивановна, кандидат географических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ustinova Elena I., Ph.D., leading researcher.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.ustinova@tinro-center.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокин Юрий Дмитриевич, ведущий инженер.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sorokin Yury D., leading engineer.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuriy.sorokin@tinro-center.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Тихоокеанский филиал ВНИРО (ТИНРО)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>197</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>181</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хен Г.В., Устинова Е.И., Сорокин Ю.Д., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хен Г.В., Устинова Е.И., Сорокин Ю.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khen G.V., Ustinova E.I., Sorokin Y.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiya.tinro-center.ru/jour/article/view/479">https://izvestiya.tinro-center.ru/jour/article/view/479</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены климатические индексы, отражающие природные условия и закономерности их изменчивости в северной части Тихого океана и его отдельных областей водного пространства и прилегающей суши. Сделаны описания физической природы и механизмов этих индексов, указаны их география, способы определения и первое упоминание. Из множества глобальных и региональных индексов, имеющих жесткую географическую привязку, были выбраны индексы Арктического колебания (АК), Эль-Ниньо — Южного колебания (ЭНЮК), Тихоокеанского декадного колебания (ТДК), индекс Алеутской депрессии (ИАД), индекс Сибирского антициклона (ИСА), Северо-Тихоокеанский индекс (СТИ), Тихоокеанский-Североамериканский индекс (ТСАИ), Западно-Тихоокеанский индекс (ЗТИ). Индекс АК является крупномасштабным индексом атмосферной циркуляции, отражающим преобладающие процессы не только в тропосфере, но и в стратосфере, где так же, как и в нижней тропосфере, происходит постоянный переток воздушных масс между полюсом и средними широтами. Индекс ЭНЮК является тоже крупномасштабным, так как он показывает крупномасштабные взаимодействия полей температуры, атмосферного давления, ветра, облачности всего Тихого океана. Остальные индексы скорее региональные, поскольку их влияние не распространяется далеко за пределы области их определения, хотя их дальние связи можно обнаружить практически по всему Северному полушарию. Тем не менее они играют заметную, иногда ведущую, роль в климатических колебаниях отдельных областей северной части Тихого океана.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> Climatic indices reflecting the environmental conditions and patterns of their variability in the entire northern Pacific and in its local regions are overviewed. Their physical nature and mechanisms of the processes, their geography and methods of calculation are presented, with citing of the first descriptions. Among a variety of global and regional climatic indices concern ing the North Pacific, the following ones are described: the indices of Arctic Oscillation (AO), El Niño — Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Aleutian Low Pressure Index (ALPI), Siberian High Index (SHI), North Pacific Index (NPI), Pacific/North American (PNA) Index, and West Pacific Index (WP). AO is a large-scale index of atmospheric circulation reflecting the processes both in the troposphere and stratosphere, where «pumping» of air masses between the high and moderate latitudes occurs continuously. ENSO is also a large-scale index that reflects large-scale interactions in the fields of temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, and cloudiness over the whole Pacific. Other indices are rather regional, since their influence does not extend far beyond the limits of the domains of their definition. Nevertheless, their role in environmental fluctuations in certain areas could be significant and their influence could be traced throughout the Northern Hemisphere.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Тихий океан</kwd><kwd>климатические индексы</kwd><kwd>атмосферные процессы</kwd><kwd>теплая фаза</kwd><kwd>холодная фаза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pacific Ocean</kwd><kwd>climate index</kwd><kwd>atmospheric process</kwd><kwd>warm phase</kwd><kwd>cold phase</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабкин В.И., Воробьев В.Н., Смирнов Н.П. 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