SUBSTANTIATION OF POSSIBILITY TO USE WASTE OF SEA CUCUMBER PROCESSING FOR PRODUCTION OF SOFT DRINKS

The broth of sea cucumber was decolorized with mineral sorbents, as perlite and bentonite, and with chitosans of crab carapace and shrimp shell. The chitosans were the most effective in sorption and subsequent removal of the protein-pigment complex, providing the decolorization degree of 35–55 %. Besides, the content of glycosides in the broth was twice decreased. The amino sugars content changed in dependence on the chitosan origin: the chitosan of crab carapace did not influence on this parameter, but the chitosan of shrimp shell caused its halving. For the optimal combination of chemical compounds in the broth, the chitosan with high molecular weight (1300 kDa) extracted from crab carapace should be used for decolorizing. Preliminary fermentation of the broth with Protamex increased concentration of biologically active peptides with low molecular weight in the solution. The fermented and decolorized broth of sea cucumber has good organoleptic properties and high content of biologically active components, as glycosides, amino sugars and low molecular weight peptides, so could be used as the basis for nonalcoholic tonic drinks.

holoturia, sea cucumber, broth, triterpene glycoside, amino sugar, mineral sorbent, chitosan, enzymatic hydrolysis

1. Aminin, D.L., Shevtsova, E.B., Anisimov, M.M., and Kuznetsova, T.A., Spectrophotometric determination of stioposide A from holothurium Stichopus japonicus, Antibiotiki, 1981, vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 585–589.

2. Ayushin, N.B., Karaulova, E.P., Karlina, A.E., Chepkasova, A.I., and Slutskaya, T.N., Wastes after processing of Far-Eastern holothurians as a raw material for production of biologically active supplements for food, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno–Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2016, vol. 186, pp. 238–246.

3. Timchishina, G.N., Slutskaya, T.N., Afanasyev, A.E., Pavel, G.K., and Andreev, N.G., RF Patent no. 2236155, Method for complex processing of holothuria, Akmar dietary supplement, biologically active feed additive, Byul., 2004, no. 26.

4. Fedorov, S.N., Shubina, L.K., Kapustina, I.I., Avilov, S.A., Stonik, V., Shastina, V.V., Kvak Yang Yong, Park Joo Yi, Jin Joon O, Kwon Young Hee, RF Patent no. 2360692, Means, stimulating apoptosis of human leukemia cells, Byul., 2009, no. 19.

5. Pozdnyakova, Yu.M., Kovalev, N.N., and Chepkasova, A.I., Dependence of proteolytic enzymes sorption on viscosity of chitosans of different origin, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno–Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2013, vol. 175, pp. 291–298.

6. Elson, L.A. and Morgan, W.T.J., A colorimetric method for the determination of glucosamine and chondrosamine, Biochem. J., 1933, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1824–1828. doi 10.1042/bj0271824

7. Kalinin, V.I., Aminin, D.L., Avilov, S.A., Silchenko, A.S., and Stonik, V.A., Triterpene glycosides from sea cucucmbers (Holothurioidae, Echinodermata). Biological activities and functions, Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, 2008, vol. 35, pp. 135–196. doi 10.1016/S1572-5995 (08) 80006-3

8. Park, Soo-Yeong, Lim, Hee Kyoung, Lee, Seogjae, Hwang, Hyeong Cheol, Cho, Somi Kim, Cho, Moonjae, Pepsin-solubilised collagen (PSC) from Red Sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) regulates cell cycle and the fibronectin synthesis in HaCaT cell migration, Food Chemistry, 2012, vol. 132, no. 1, pp. 487–492. doi 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.032

9. Pérez-Vega, J.A., Olivera-Castillo, L., Gómez-Ruiz, J.A., Hernández-Ledesma, B., Release of multifunctional peptides by gastrointestinal digestion of sea cucumber (Isostichopus badionotus), J. Functional Foods, 2013, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 869–877. doi 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.036

10. Slutskaya, T.N., Kim, A.G., and Chernova, E.V., The changes of the quantitive content of biologically active substances and collagen under the thermal processing of Holothurian (Holothuriodea), Materials of the International Scientific Conference «Ecology of the Marginal seas and their basins», Vladivostok: FEFU, 2013, pp. 285–291.

11. Tripoteau, L., Bedoux, G., Gagnon, J., and Bourgougnon, N., In vitro antiviral activities of enzymatic hydrolysates extracted from byproducts of the Atlantic holothurian Cucumaria frondosa, Process Biochemistry, 2015, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 867–875. doi 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.02.012

12. Analiz rynka bezalkogol’nykh napitkov v Rossii (Market analysis of soft drinks in Russia), BusinesStat, 2018.