Thermal regime of coastal waters and possible mechanisms of formation for strong year-classes of West Kamchatka pink salmon
https://doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2024-204-745-763
EDN: XUCDWA
Abstract
Dynamics of downstream migration is considered for juvenile pink salmon at West Kamchatka in 1975–2023. Lengthening of the migration period is noted for recent years with high parental stocks. These changes happened on the background of four-decade increasing of the sea surface temperature in waters at the western coast of Kamchatka (till 2016), on average from 3.0 to 6.5 ºC, and its further decreasing back to 3–4 ºC from 2017 to 2023. So, the warming trend in coastal waters at western Kamchatka is significantly weaker than that at eastern Kamchatka, that does not confirm a hypothesis on formation of super-strong year-classes of West Kamchatka pink salmon in recent years due to warmer environments for early marine feeding of the juveniles in the coastal zone. Presumably, these extreme year-classes were formed as a result of prolonged downstream migration of fry produced by rather numerous spawners in conditions of increased abundance of small-sized plankton transported to the coast of western Kamchatka from the deep-water areas of the Okhotsk Sea and the North-West Pacific.
Keywords
pink salmon of West Kamchatka,
downstream migration,
juvenile pink salmon,
early marine period of life,
food supply
Supporting agencies: The authors are grateful to E.O. Basyuk, E.Yu. Malygin and A.I. Galeev (TINRO) for their valuable advices on climate databases using and primary materials processing. Special thanks to O.V. Zikunova and T.Yu. Salyamon (KamchatNIRO) for courtesy materials on pink salmon, and to other colleagues from KamchatNIRO who collected the data on salmon fry at the rivers of Kamchatka.
About the Authors
N. A. Dederer
Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nikita A. Dederer, specialist
4, Shevchenko Alley, Vladivostok, 690091
E. A. Shevlyakov
Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeny A. Shevlyakov, Ph.D., head of department
4, Shevchenko Alley, Vladivostok, 690091
S. V. Naydenko
Pacific branch of VNIRO (TINRO)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Svetlana V. Naydenko, D.Biol., principal researcher
4, Shevchenko Alley, Vladivostok, 690091
References
1. Bugaev, A.V. and Tepnin, O.B., Klimat i tikhookeanskiye lososi (Climate and Pacific salmon), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO, 2024.
2. Glebova, S.Yu., Types of the atmospheric processes over Far-Eastern Seas, interannual variability of their repeatability and mutual coordination, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2003, vol. 134, pp. 209–257.
3. Glebova, S.Yu., Cyclonic activity over the Pacific Rim in the winter and its influence on thermal conditions of the Far Eastern Seas and northwestern Pacific, Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol., 2011, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 663–668.
4. Glebova, S.Yu., Ustinova, E.I., and Sorokin, Yu.D., Long-term tendencies of atmospheric processes and thermal regime in the Far-Eastern Seas of Russia in the last three decades, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2009, vol. 159, pp. 285–298.
5. Glubokovsky, M.K., Marchenko, S.L., Temnykh, O.S., and Shevlyakov, E.A., Metodicheskiye rekomendatsii po issledovaniyu tikhookeanskikh lososey (Guidelines for the study of Pacific salmon), Moscow: VNIRO, 2017.
6. Dederer, N.A. and Shevlyakov, E.A., Assessment of the influence of temperature indicators on the formation of numbers in different periods of life of pink salmon on the western and eastern coasts of Kamchatka, in Sovremennyye problemy i perspektivy razvitiya rybokhozyaystvennogo kompleksa (Modern problems and prospects for the development of the fishery complex: materials of the 10th international scientific-practical conf. young learned and specialists), Moscow: VNIRO, 2022, pp. 92–94.
7. Yeniutina, R.I., The Amur humpback salmon, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 1972, vol. 77, pp. 3–126.
8. Kaev, A.M. and Chupahin, V.M., Early sea period of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbusha and chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta in Iturup Island, in Biologiya, sostoyaniye zapasov i usloviya obitaniya gidrobiontov v Sakhalino-Kuril’skom regione i sopredel’nykh akvatoriyakh (Biology, Status of Stocks, and Condition of Habitat of Aquatic Organisms in the Sakhalin-Kuril Region and Adjacent Waters), Tr. Sakhalin. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2002, vol. 4, pp. 116–132.
9. Kazarnovsky, M.Ya., Yaponskiy promysel lososey v severo-zapadnoy chasti Tikhogo okeana (Japanese salmon fisheries in the Pacific Northwest), Moscow: VNIRO, 1987.
10. Karpenko, V.I., Ranniy morskoy period zhizni tikhookeanskikh lososey (Early marine life of Pacific salmon), Moscow: VNIRO, 1998.
11. Koval, M.V., Estuarine ichthyofauna of Kamchatka: formation conditions, species diversity and ecological characterisation, Issled. Vodn. Biol. Resur. Kamchatki Sev.-Zapadn. Chasti Tikhogo Okeana, 2024, vol. 72. doi 10.15853/2072-8212.2024.72.9-235. EDN: AMHUAK
12. Lepskaya, E.V., Bonk, T.V., Sushkevich, A.S., Kurbanova, L.V., Koval, M.V., Lozovoy, A.P., Kozhevnikov, A.V., Kolomeytsev, V.V., and Kirillova, E.A., Environmental conditions in the coastal area of basic spawning basins of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha at Western Kamchatka, Issled. Vodn. Biol. Resur. Kamchatki Sev.-Zapadn. Chasti Tikhogo Okeana, 2019, vol. 53, pp. 22−33. doi 10.15853/2072-8212.2019.53.22-33
13. Makagonova, M.A., Characteristics of the winter atmospheric circulation in East Asia, Geografiya i prirodnyye resursy, 2013, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 208–215. doi 10.1134/S1875372813030037
14. Maksimenkov, V.V., Pitaniye i pishchevyye otnosheniya molodi ryb, obitayushchikh v estuariyakh rek i pribrezh’ye Kamchatki (Nutrition and nutritional relationships of juvenile fish living in estuaries of rivers and the coast of Kamchatka), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO, 2007.
15. Maksimenkov, V.V., Maksimenkova, T.V., and Koval, M.V., Food base of young Pacific salmon in coastal waters of western Kamchatka in spring-summer period 2004–2007, Byull. no. 3 realizatsii “Kontseptsii dal’nevostochnoi basseinovoi programmy izucheniya tikhookeanskikh lososei” (Bull. No. 3 Implementation “Concept of the Far Eastern Basin Program for the Study of Pacific Salmon”), Vladivostok: TINRO-Tsentr, 2008, pp. 174–181.
16. Markina, N.P. and Chernyavsky, V.I., The quantitative distribution of plankton and benthos in the Okhotsk Sea, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 1984, vol. 109, pp. 109–119.
17. Naidenko, S.V., Shebanova, M.A., Kuznetsova, N.A., and Radchenko, K.V., Long-term dynamics of the food base for nekton in Pacific waters at the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka in summer, present issue.
18. Plotnikov, V.V., Mezentseva, L.I., and Dubina, V.A., Tsirkulyatsiya atmosfery nad Dal’nim Vostokom i yeye otrazheniye v ledovykh protsessakh (Atmospheric circulation over the Far East and its reflection in ice processes), Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2015.
19. Smirnov, A.I., Biologiya, razmnozhenie i razvitie tikhookeanskikh lososei (Biology, Reproduction, and Development of Pacific Salmon), Moscow: Mosk. Gos. Univ., 1975.
20. Stepanov, V.I., Mirovoy okean. Dinamika i svoystva vod (World Ocean. Dynamics and Properties of Waters), Moscow: Znaniye, 1974.
21. Tepnin, О.B. and Soshin, A.V., On the application of high resolution satellite data in the analysis of the temperature condition dynamics in the pre-estuarine part of Kamchatsky Gulf area, Issled. Vodn. Biol. Resur. Kamchatki Sev.-Zapadn. Chasti Tikhogo Okeana, 2022, vol. 64, pp. 85–96. doi 10.15853/2072-8212.2022.64.85-96
22. Ustinova, E.I., Sorokin, Yu.D., and Khen, G.V., Interannual variability of thermal conditions in the Okhotsk Sea, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2002, vol. 130, pp. 44–51.
23. Fayman, P.A., Prants, S.V., Budyansky, M.V., and Uleysky, M.Y., Simulated pathways of the northwestern pacific water in the Okhotsk Sea, Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 2021, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 329–340. doi 10.1134/S000143382103004X
24. Feldman, M.G. and Shevlyakov, E.A., Survival of Kamchatka pink salmon as result of combined influence of density regulation and environmental factors, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2015, vol. 182, pp. 88–114. doi 10.26428/1606-9919-2015-182-88-114
25. Feldman, M.G., Shevlyakov, E.A., and Artukhina, N.B., Evaluation of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spawning escapement landmarks for the river basins of West Kamchatka, Issled. Vodn. Biol. Resur. Kamchatki Sev.-Zapadn. Chasti Tikhogo Okeana, 2019, vol. 52, pp. 50–78. doi 10.15853/2072-8212.2019.52.50-78
26. Chereshnev, I.A., Volobuev, V.V., Shestakov, A.V., and Frolov, S.V., Lososevidnye ryby Severo-Vostoka Rossii (Salmonids in the North-East of Russia), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2002.
27. Chereshnev, I.A., Shestakov, A.V., Skopets, M.V., Korotaev, Yu.A., and Makoedov, A.N., Presnovodnyye ryby Anadyrskogo basseyna (Freshwater fish of the Anadyr basin), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2001.
28. Chernyavsky, V.I., Circulational systems of the Sea of Okhotsk, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 1981, vol. 105, pp. 13–19.
29. Chuchukalo, V.I. and Kuznetsova, N.A., Feeding relations of fishes in epipelagial of the western Bering Sea in autumn 2003–2004, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2006, vol. 144, pp. 180–197.
30. Shatilina, T.A. and Anzhina, G.I., Variability of the Far Eastern monsoon intensity in 1948–2010, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2011, vol. 167, pp. 146–159.
31. Shebanova, M.A., Somatic production of Copepoda in the western part of Bering Sea in summer — autumn period, in Sb. mater. Vseross. nauchno-prakt. konf. mezhdunar. uchastiem, priuroch. k 145-letiyu Sevastopol. biol. stn. “Morskie biologicheskie issledovaniya: dostizheniya i perspektivy” (Collect. Mater. All-Russ. Sci. Pract. Conf. Int. Participation, Commem. 145th Anniv. Sevastopol Biol. Stn. “Marine Biological Research: Achievements and Prospects”), Sevastopol: EKOSI-Gidrofizika, 2016, vol. 2, pp. 477–480.
32. Shevlyakov, E.A., Dederer N.A., Ostrovsky, V.I., and Khen, G.V., Thermal conditions in the marine coastal waters as a factor favorable for formation of extra-strong year-classes of Karaginsky pink salmon, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2024, vol. 204, no. 1, pp. 30–47. doi 10.26428/1606-9919-2024-204-30-47. EDN: RVYEMU.
33. Shevlyakov, E.A., Feldman, M.G., Erokhin, V.G., and Shubkin, S.V., The results of the fishing of Western Kamchatka pink salmon in 2018, the prospects for the further state of its stock and fishing, in Byull. N 13 izucheniya Tikhookeanskikh lososei na Dal’nem Vostoke (Bull. No. 13 for the Study of Pacific Salmon in the Far East), Vladivostok: TINRO-Tsentr, 2018, pp. 41–51.
34. Shevlyakov, E.A. and Shubkin, S.V., The Recent Experience of Surveying Pacific Salmon Spawning Grounds in Watercourses of Chukotka, Russ. J. Mar. Biol., 2020, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 562–579. doi 10.1134/S106307402007007X
35. Shevlyakov, E.A., Shubkin, S.V., Dubynin, V.A., Malykh, K.M., Golub, E.V., Golub, A.P., Kaev, A.M., and Koval, M.V., Methods for accounting for spawners of Pacific salmon in spawning grounds and migration routes to them, in Byull. no. 8 izucheniya tikhookeanskikh lososei na Dal’nem Vostoke (Bull. No. 8 for the Study of Pacific Salmon in the Far East), Vladivostok: TINRO-Tsentr, 2013, pp. 36–57.
36. Japan Meteorological Agency NEAR-GOOS RRTDB, ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/goos/data/data-base.html.
37. Bulygina, O.N., Razuvaev, V.N., and Trofimenko, L.T., Description of the data array average monthly air temperature at the stations of the Russian Federation supervisory system. http://ntp.meteo.ru/meteo/topis.htm. Cited June 21, 2024.
38. Ulovy tikhookeanskikh lososey (1900–1986 gg.) (Pacific salmon catches (1900–1986)), Moscow: VNIRO, 1989. Cited June 21, 2024.
39. Pacific salmonid catch statistics (updated July 2023), North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission, Vancouve. https://www.npafc.org. Cited June 21, 2024.
Review
For citations:
Dederer N.A., Shevlyakov E.A., Naydenko S.V. Thermal regime of coastal waters and possible mechanisms of formation for strong year-classes of West Kamchatka pink salmon. Izvestiya TINRO. 2024;204(4):745-763. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2024-204-745-763. EDN: XUCDWA
Views:
221
Email this article 