Regional Data Center (RDC) is 40 years old in 2014. Its main goals are accumulation of research data on Far-Eastern marine biological resources and their environments, as well as supervision for the data collection, validation and processing. Principal activities of RDC are: 1) development and implementation of computerize workplaces for scientific and technical personnel aboard research vessels and ashore; 2) logging of primary cruise materials on paper and their digitizing; 3) development and management of large databases (DB) for the information gathered in research cruises and fishery statistics; 4) creation of knowledge bases and geographic information systems (GIS) containing the processed results on long-term monitoring of marine ecosystems; 5 ) performing any user queries to the DB and GIS for quick information support of current scientific, practical and administrative activities in all departments of TINRO; 6) development of new methodological approaches to data processing and automation of related processes by creation of original software; 7 ) inter-institutional data exchange and creation of joint DB; 8) TINRO staff consulting on methodological issues of statistical and cartographic data processing; 9) development of regulations and normative documents regulating relationships in collection, storage and access to the information archived in RDC; 10) scientific researches, independent or joint with other laboratories. These ten trends are focused onto studies of marine ecosystems and their climatic and oceanographic environments, short-term and long-term forecasting of bioresources, rational management of fisheries and aquaculture, planning of research expeditions.

The North-West Pacific waters at Kuril Islands are characterized by high productivity because of high water dynamics due to interaction of the Kamchatka, Oyashio, and Kuroshio Currents and tidal mixing. Abundance, species composition, and spatial density of nekton in the upper epipelagic layer (0-50 m) of this area are considered on the data of trawl surveys conducted in June-July of 2004-2012. In total, 97 species of nekton are found in the trawl catches, including 73 species of fish and 24 species of cephalopods belonged to 15 genera and 8 families. Myctophidae have the highest species richness and biomass among fish (12 species, 33% of the total nekton biomass), and Gonatidae have the highest number of species and biomass among cephalopods (13 species, 11 %). Mesopelagic fishes, being temporary inhabitants of the epipelagic layer, dominate in the nekton community (54 species, 60 % of total biomass), they migrate to the upper layer at night for feeding. Other important ecological groups are salmons migrating to spawning grounds and subtropical species migrating to feeding grounds. Ratio between these groups is very variable. Total abundance of nekton varied from 1.1 t/km² in 2010 to 4.6 t/km² in 2004, on average 2.4 t/km². Range of its spatial variation is even higher: 1.1-6.0 t/km²; it depends on evenness of species composition and abundance of dominant species; generally both total abundance and species richness increase from the north to the south, as boreal species are replaced by low-boreal and subtropical ones. From the other hand, the abundance and species richness increase from the shore toward the ocean: the total number of nekton species increases from 42 to 76, and the number of dominant species - from 4 to 10, so structure of the nekton community becomes more evened and polydominant. The highest abundance and species richness are observed in the Subarctic Front zone. Mean total biomass of nekton in the epipelagic layer of the surveyed area is estimated as 2442 · 10³ t including 1.6-2.5 million t (37-60 %) of mesopelagic fish that was the major group of nekton in all years except 2012, when the biomass of mesopelagic fish was only 378 · 10³ t (21 %) while the portion of salmons increased to 40 % because of extremely high biomass of pink salmon (27 % of the total nekton biomass). Year-to-year changes of the nekton abundance in the surveyed area are characterized by negative trend, with its minimal values in 2008, 2010, and 2012, but it is considered as a temporary tendency.

In a virtual multidimensional space with the axes represented by integral characteristics as abundance and size of individuals and parameters of species diversity, the points corresponded to samples from different biocenotic assemblages form similar multilayer domical shapes. There is shown on cited data and original data analysis that such structures are typical for stable state of biocenotic systems and the laws and processes of their forming do not depend on observer - i.e. on measures and units describing the major integral characteristics of these systems.

Ontogeny of one generation of pink and chum salmons is described for the period after their juveniles redistribution from coastal waters to deep-water areas in the central and southern Okhotsk Sea in August-November, 2012. The juveniles fed very intensively in August when their diet had about 85 % of proteins and 15 % of lipids due to prevalence of hyperiids and oikopleuras with low fat content. Their growth rate was high at this stage, and energy expenditure on growth took about a half of the ration (56-63 % for pink salmon and 40 % for chum salmon). The feeding intensity became lower in October, but caloric content of the food increased because of partial replacement of its protein fraction by lipids, which content exeeded 75 %. Linear growth rate decreased in October in 3.8 times for pink salmon and in 1.8 times for chum salmon, it took 21-27 % of food energy for the pink and almost the same portion as in August for the chum. Both feeding activity, growth rate, and fat deposit depended on temperature. Temperature in August was more favorable for feeding and metabolic processes, in particular for pink salmon that was able to consume daily up to 1/10 of its body weight and spend > 50 % of the energy for the growth, but water cooling in October caused lesser feeding, lower metabolism, and slower growth.

Structure of scale is investigated for juvenile coho salmon. The samples were collected in the lower part of the Bolshaya River (West Kamchatka) in 2007-2012. The first scleritis bounding the central plate of scale is formed when body length of coho underyearlings achieves 38 mm, on average. In the investigated area, seasonal growth of scale starts and formation of next annuli of juvenile coho scale happens usually in the third 10-days of May: in the beginning of this period for one-year-old fish and in its end for two-years-old fish. The seasonal growth becomes slower again with water cooling in the last half of September, until its complete stagnation in October. Each scleritis forms in similar time, independently on age of juveniles: in 11.3 days for the underyearlings (data for in June-September), 10.1 days for one-year-old fish (data for June-September), and 11.2 days for two-years-old fish (data for in June-July). Additional zones of dense sclerites could form on the scale of juvenile coho within the growth season.

Reproduction of long shanny Stichaeus grigorjewi is observed in natural conditions and its eggs embryogenesis is investigated in details in aquarium. The embryos and larvae of S. grigorjewi differ from other species by strong development of midbrain that assumes good eyesight forming. Duration of egg development and morphology of embryos and larvae coincide with earlier description made in Hokkaido, Japan, except of body ventral row of 10 melanophores described for S. grigorjewi larvae for the first time. The embryogenesis accelerates sharply under heightened water temperature.

Species composition of fish is decribed for the Japan Sea on the data of Pacific Fish.Res.Center (TINRO), Russia (about 10,000 bottom and pelagic research trawlings at the depth 5-750 m obtained in 1980-2005), National Fish.Res.Dev.Inst. (NFRDI), Rep.Korea (about 100 research cruises conducted since 1994 with trawling at the depth 30-2550 m), coastal fishery statistics, and cited data. All past revisions in the taxonomy are registered. Some general ecological and zoogeographical features of the Japan Sea are revealed. In total, 962 fish species dwell in the Japan Sea, and 738 of them (77 %) are registered in the EEZ of Russia and Korea. In the analyzed TINRO and NFRDI surveys, 419 fish species were found, mainly in research trawls (389) and patially only in commercial catches in coastal waters (30). On the other hand, 872 fish species (91 % of the total list) occur in the EEZ of Japan. The species belong to 42 orders (Perciformes absolutely dominates among them by number of species - 432) and 215 families (the most numerous are Cottidae - 51 species, Gobiidae - 48 species, and Stichaeidae - 41 species). From zoogeographic point of view, they have mostly tropical-subtropical (488 species), lowboreal-subtropical (210 species), and lowboreal Asian (128 species) origin; only 14 species are endemics of the Japan Sea, 17 species are endemics of the Japan and Okhotsk Seas, and 171 species are endemics of the southern part of the North-West Pacific (Japan Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and Pacific coast of Japan). The major part of fish species in the Japan Sea inhabit mainly sublittoral (28 %) and elittoral (28 %) biotopes; diversity of stenobathic species decreases both shoreward and toward the continental slope. Bottom (46 %) and near-bottom (26 %) species absolutely prevail over pelagic ones (20 %), whereas 8 % of the species are considered as bottom-pelagic ones.

The time course of the establishment of a local population of Steller sea lions in the Commander Islands, population dynamics and current abundance were studied using literature published since the 1930s and the author’s observations conducted during breeding seasons 2008-2011. The local population of Steller sea lions started formation in the early 1960s, when mature females first began to populate the islands and the population was fully established in the early 1990s. The whole process of development the Commander Islands Steller sea lion sub-population took about three decades. Abundance of adult and juvenile sea lions fluctuated highly in 1991-2011 without any statistically significant trend, but numbers of pups had a pronounced negative slope mostly due to three sharp declines in pup production in 2000, 2009, and 2011. A total of about 700 animals of age 1+ inhabit the islands during the breeding season and about 200 pups are born annually at the present time. This total number of Steller sea lions is close to the mean value for the period after 1990s. Nevertheless, occasional sharp declines in pup production cause some anxiety, so far as they could lead to extinction of the Steller sea lion sub-population in this area as had occurred in the middle of the 19th century.

Species composition and quantitative distribution of phytoplankton in the Sukhodol River estuary were studied in September of 2012. It total, 48 species of diatoms are registered, mostly belonged to microphytobenthos (63 %). The most numerous are mesohaline species and species indifferent to salinity (in sum 69 %). The number of diatoms varied from 5.4 ˑ 10³ to 866.2 ˑ 10³ cells/l (on average 138.4 ˑ 10³ ± 75.9 ˑ 10³ cells/l), their biomass varied from 5.0 to 816.8 mg/m³ (on average 199.5 ± 71.0 mg/m³: 467.8 mg/m³ in the external estuary, 285.4 ± 117.5 mg/m³ in the deep-water part of the internal estuary, and 42.0 ± 16.5 mg/m³ on the shallows of the internal estuary). Species composition of phytoplankton is determined by water structure: Dactyliosolen fragilissimus (74 % of biomass) , Skeletonema costatum (15 %) and Coscinodiscus oculus iridis (8 %) are the most abundant in the external estuary where brackish water spreads in the upper layer and salt water occupies the bottom layer; Ulnaria ulna (72 %), Melosira varians (12 %) and Ctenophora pulchella (4 %) are the most abundant in the deep-water part of the internal estuary with almost fresh water in the upper layer and brackish water at the bottom; and Achnanthes lanceolata (22 %), S. costatum (21 %), Rhopalodia musculus (14 %), Pinnularia gibba (6 %), and C. pulchella (5 %) dominate on the shallows of internal estuary with only one water layer occupied by fresh water. Domination of D. fragilissimus and S. costatum indicates a high level of eutrophication in the Sukhodol estuary that presumably is caused by terrigenous biogenic elements supply. The biogenic elements recycled and accumulated in the bottom sediments are dispersed in the estuarine waters by tidal and wind-driven turbulence.

Epiphyte microalgae from common macrophytes ( Zostera marina, Z. japonica, Ruppia maritima, Ulva prolifera, Gracilaria verrucosa, Cladophora glomerata, Phragmites australis ) were sampled in the Sukhodol estuary in September of 2012. In total, 46 taxa of diatoms are registered, 72 % of them belong to microphytobenthos. The most numerous are mesohaline species and species indifferent to salinity (in sum 71 %). Similarity between species composition of phytoplankton and epiphyton was 57.4 %, by Czekanowski-Sørensen index. Total number of the epiphyton diatoms varied from 12.9 · 10³ to 2583.9 · 10³ cells/g wet weight of basiphyte (on average 541.1 · 10³ ± 111.9 · 10³ cells/g), their biomass varied from 17.4 to 3099.0 mg/g (on average 595.0 ± 134.7 mg/g). The lowest epiphyton biomass was registered for U. prolifera (33.9 ± 11.7 mg/g) and the highest - for Z. marina (2790.6 ± 166.8 mg/g). Species composition of epiphyton is significantly different between three groups of macrophytes: 1 - seagrass of external estuary ( Z. marina ); 2 - seagrasses ( Z. japonica, R. maritima ), attached bottom macroalgae ( U. prolifera, C. glomerata, G. verrucosa ) and emergent vegetation ( Ph. australis ) of internal estuary; and 3 - drifting macroalgae ( C. glomerata ) of internal estuary. Thus, species structure of epiphyte communities changes between biotopes and between water layers in each biotope that is determined by salinity preferences of the most common epiphytes, on the one hand, and vertical distribution of macrophytes within the water column, on the other hand. Domination of such α -mesosaprobionts as Tabularia tabulata , Melosira lineata and M. moniliformis var. subglobosa indicates eutrophication of the Sukhodol estuary that presumably is maintained by terrigenous biogenic elements supply. The biogenic elements recycled and accumulated in bottom sediments are dispersed in the estuarine waters by tidal and wind-driven turbulence.

At the northwestern coast of the Okhotsk Sea, pink salmon finds its spawning grounds both in big rivers (Uda, Okhota, and some other) and small streams because the size, slopes, and structure of alluvial sediments of the majority of local water bodies are suitable for the spawning. In small streams (< 20 km long), the pink salmon prefers to spawn in the simplest parts of beds, with linear channel sloped enough for bottom infiltration, but the chum salmon usually does not spawn there. These environments are rare for large rivers of this area which are more turbulized, with the beds often transformed by floods, strongly meandering, highly branched, and sometimes splitted to several channels; however, the largest and the most numerous spawning sites of pink and chum salmons are maintained in the latter case of splitted river-bed that is typical for lower parts of the biggest rivers, though other parts of these rivers are not preferable for their spawning because of high instability of the environments. The spawning grounds of chum salmon are more resistible against floods than the pink salmon ones: they form around either parafluvial (hyporheic) or ortofluvial springs. Generally, the areas with underwater springs preferable for the salmons spawning are more usual for big rivers with variable geomorphology, numerous tributaries, and extended multichannel parts.

Hyperiid species Themisto pacifica , T. libellula , and Primno macropa are widespread in the Far-Eastern Seas. They are an important element of trophic web in pelagic communities of these seas. Their food spectra are very broad and include copepods, euphausiids, arrowworms, and fish larvae. On the other hand, the hyperiids play an important role in the diet of large-sized marine organisms as walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma , mackerels Scomber japonicus , Pleurogrammus monopterygius , and Pleurogrammus azonus , and japanese squid Todarodes pacificus . Life cycles and production of these hyperiid species are described on the base of samples collected in complex surveys conducted by Pacific Fish. Res. Center (TINRO) in the Okhotsk Sea and the western Bering Sea in 1984-2011. All three species have similar life history though the maximal life span is 2 years for T. pacifica and T. libellula but 3 years for Primno macropa . They spawn twice in their life in the period from May to October with the peak in July. Their weight increments also increase twice, usually when their size is 7-10 and 10-12 mm for T. pacifica and P. macropa and 10-15 and 20-30 mm for T. libellula . The average specific daily production of hyperiids in the Okhotsk Sea is estimated as 0.0410 for T. pacifica , 0.0273 for T. libellula , and 0.0101 for P. macropa ; but in the western Bering Sea - as 0.0492 for T. pacifica , 0.0361 for T. libellula , and 0.0094 for P. macropa . The most favorable feeding grounds for hyperiids are located at Kuril Islands, at West Kamchatka, and in the Anadyr Bay. Their summary annual production is estimated as 30.235 mln t in the Okhotsk Sea and 21.370 mln t in the western Bering Sea.

Results of benthos surveys conducted along the marine pipeline at the Lunskoe oilfield in July of 2006-2010 are presented. The sediment samples were taken at 59 stations with the depth 0-45 m by van Veen grab (0.05 m², 0.11 m², 0.25 m²), 1-3 samples per each station, in total 375 samples. Macrozoobenthos was extracted from the sampled sediments by seawater washing through 1 mm sieve and preserved by 4 % buffered formaldehyde. Its species composition, biomass and abundance were determined according to standard techniques. Eight phyla and 257 species of macrozoobenthos are identified in the surveyed area, mainly amphipods (103 species) and polychaetes (60 species). Its mean biomass amounts to 192.2 ± 12.1 g/m², the mean distribution density - 28331.8 ± 3055.9 ind./m². Cumaceans and amphipod crustaceans dominate by their number and bivalve molluscs and cumaceans - by their biomass. Six benthic communities are revealed by the hierarchical agglomerative method of multidimensional clustering with group-average linking of Bray-Curtis similarities, after 4^th root transformation of the species biomass values (PRIMER software). Type of the bottom sediments and depth are the main factors determining characteristics and distribution patterns of the benthic assemblages.

Qualitative and quantitative indices of feeding and competitive relationships are investigated for pacific herring Clupea pallasii , walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma , and arabesque greenling Pleurogrammus azonus on the data of bottom trawl surveys conducted over the shelf and upper continental slope of Peter the Great Bay in June-September of 2002-2009. Daily rations of these species in summer are estimated as 4.5, 3.0 and 4.3 % of body weight on average, respectively. The diet depends on their bathymetric distribution and structure of prey: generally, the portion of plankton and nektobenthos reflects the species ability to dwell beyond the bottom and changes from 66.9 and 32.1 % for herring and 45.2 and 46.9 % for pollock to 30.2 and 31.8 % for greenling. The rest of the greenling diet is presented by benthic invertebrates (24.8 %) and nekton (13.2 %). Mysids are the main common diet component for all three species, their portion in the herring and pollock diets is extremely high in Peter the Great Bay comparing with other habitats of these species, obviously because of high abundance of mysid shrimps and low concentrations of large-sized zooplankton (particularly euphausiids) in the Bay. Role of the considered species in demersal ichthyocenosis of Peter the Great Bay is not high enough for food competition between them, taking into account their active seasonal migrations and low stocks of herring and pollock in recent times.

Density of bivalve spat settled on collectors determines the yield of aquaculture plantation. It varies considerably in different water areas at Primorye coast and has year-to-year variability. The spat settling intensity in the last decade is considered for a marine farm in the Sukhodol Bay (Ussuri Bay) and sedimentation of suspended matter on collectors is estimated for the same plantation in the summer of 2012. Period of the scallop spat settling is rather long and continues until late June. Mean spat size is 9.2 ± 2.2 mm (modal group 8-10 mm), mean weight is 0.08 g. The average density of juvenile scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis changes year-to-year from 77 to 200 ind./collector, and the density of juvenile mussels Mytilus trossulus - from 500 to 2,330 ind. per meter of the collectors set. These values provide the annual harvesting of > 2 million ind. of the scallop spat and 10-30 ton of commercial-size mussels from 1 hectare of plantation. Juveniles of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus settle on collectors as well, in less number, but sufficient for their growing on bottom plantations in some years. Suspended matter sedimentation on collectors, including agrestal marine organisms, is rather high in the first months after the collectors installation - up to 0.31 ton/month per 1 hectare of standard plantation. Reclamation measures are recommended in the cases of high sedimentation, possibly installation of bicultural plantations in the water column.

Feeding habits of adult sea bream are considered on the samples collected in the North Pacific and Bering Sea in the last several years. This species is a predator with the diet highly dependent on its habitat and composition of prey (small-sized fish and squids). It has two or three peaks of consumption daily, which change seasonally and year-to-year; anyway, the morning (3-6 a.m.) is usually the time of the lowest consumption, at least in summer and autumn, and the daytime is the normal time for feeding. The sea bream does not eat zooplankton usually, but Euphausia pacifica was a significant portion of its diet (34 %) in the southern part of surveyed area in the summer of 2009, possibly because of high concentrations of euphausiids in that area. Daily ration of adult sea bream is 2.5-3.5 % of its body weight.

Nematoda parasites of five greenling species from the Far-Eastern Seas ( Pleurogrammus azonus , P . monopterygius , Hexagrammos octogrammus , H . lagocephalus , H . stelleri ) are investigated. The family Hexagrammidae is endemic for the North Pacific. In total, 10 species of nematodes are found: Anisakis simplex l., Pseudoterranova decipiens l., Hysterothylacium aduncum , Contracaecum osculatum l., Ascarophis filiformis , A. curvicauda , A. pacifica , Cucullanellus minutus , Cucullanus heterochrous , and Paracapillaria helenae , all of them have wide geographical and hosts distribution. Anisakis simplex l. and Pseudoterranova decipiens l. are the most common for all investigated host species. The highest species diversity of nematodes (7 species) is registered for arabesque greenling P. azonus , particularly its females; Contracaecum osculatum l. and Cucullanus heterochrous are found for the first time for this host in the Japan Sea. The parasites are dispersed irregularly in muscles of all parts of fish body. Large-sized (i.e. elder) fish is higher infected by larvae of P. decipiens .

Organochlorine pesticides (HCHs and DDT) are harmful and toxic substances affected biota. HCHs and DDT are still used as pesticides in the Southern Hemisphere and from there can reach the North Pacific due to atmospheric transfer. Isomers of HCH and DDT and their metabolites were detected in organs of some marine mammals ( Eschrichtius robustus, Odobenus rosmarus divergens ) from the Bering Sea; the maximum concentration was found in the walrus liver (90263 ng/g lipids). To trace these pollutants spreading in the Okhotsk Sea, the seabirds (Pacific gull Larus schistisagus, crested auklet Aethia cristatella, auklet crumb Aethia pusilla, northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis, and grey petrel Oceanodroma furcata ) and fishes (pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbusсha and chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta ) were sampled; the pesticides concentration in the birds tissues ranges from 29 ng/g lipids in plume of the fulmar to 16095 ng/g lipids in plume and skin of the auklet and in the salmons tissues - from 220-330 ng/g lipids for the pink salmon to 550-790 ng/g lipids for the chum salmon (both fish species were caught at Kuril Islands).

Inflow and accumulation of organic matter in the bays at Russian coast of the Japan Sea are evaluated using the data on chemical parameters of seawater and total content of carbon in the bottom sediments. Complex index of organic content in the environment (CIOCE) is proposed. Shannon diversity index (I) and the index of trophic structure disturbance (ITSD) are assessed for macrobenthos of these areas and compared with CIOCE; non-linear parabolic dependence is revealed with the 90 % confidence level. The value of CIOCE ecological optimum (when macrobenthos has the highest species diversity and healthy trophic structure) is determined as 1.5-2.5; both higher and lower CIOCE values cause reduction of species diversity and disturbance of trophic structure that means that the organic matter supply is favorable for macrobenthos until a certain threshold.

Data of 8 surveys conducted by Pacific Fish. Res. Center (TINRO) in the Pacific waters at Kuril Islands in 2004-2012 are summarized to consider forage base and food relationships of nekton and plankton and to estimate consumption of forage resourced by nekton. The total stock of zooplankton and micronekton in the epipelagic layer changed from 62 to 158 million tons over the shelf and slope of the surveyed area and from 41 to 75 million tons in its deep-water part. Mezopelagic fishes, squids, pacific salmons, and subtropical fishes were the main consumers of these forage resources in summer. The portion of zooplankton stock consumed annually by nekton was relatively low: 4.2-9.3 % for shelf and slope areas (data for 2004, 2007, and 2011) and 4.5-15.6 % for the deep-waters (data for 2004, 2007, 2009, and 2011), without significant year-to-year changes in the diet composition and feeding intensity of nekton. There is concluded that zooplankton and micronekton of the studied area serve successively the food needs of its consumers and carrying capacity of the epipelagic layer in the Pacific waters at Kuril Islands is quite substantial.

Possibilities of lidar detection of fish and plankton are overviewed on cited results of nature experiments in the sea. Volume-backscattering coefficients for the lidar with wave-length 532 nm and the acoustic sonar are compared for schools of some fish species. Examples of effective detecting of fish schools and assessment of their abundance by lidar are demonstrated for cases of sardine and anchovy at California coast, capelin and herring in the North Pacific, mullet at the west coast of Florida, juvenile mackerel in the coastal Atlantic waters of southern Europe, menhaden in the Chesapeake Bay, and others. In some experiments, the per-kilometer costs of airborne lidar surveys are estimated as 10 % or less as compared to ship-based sampling. Besides, the lidar surveys take a shorter time and their results are not distorted by avoidance behavior of fish caused by ship and sampling gear noises. Experimental surveys of thin scattering layers (probably formed by plankton) made by NOAA fish lidar are overviewed, as well, including the first tests of the system in the South California Bay in April 1997, the tests in the North-West Atlantic at Iberian coast in August-September 1998, in the Gulf of Alaska in July-September 2001 and May-August 2002, in the Norwegian Sea in July 2002, in the North-East Pacific at the coast of Oregon and Washington in July 2003, and in the Gulf of Alaska in July 2003. Some aspects of future development for improvement of school-detecting capabilities of lidar are discussed, as additional scanning for 2D-images and adding of second receiver co-polarized with the laser light for better identification of fish species and other scatterers in the sea.

Berryteuthis magister is one of the most common commercial species in the North-West Pacific, but its liver never was utilized before, though it was a rich source of the lipids with simple ether links, 1- О -alkyl-glycerol ethers (АGE), and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFA). Technology for complex processing of lipids from its liver is developed and presented in details. These forms of lipids are distinguished by a wide range of biologic activity: AGE are effective immunomodulators which enhance hemopoiesis, relieve lesions and lower risk of secondary lesions under radio-therapy and can be used for treatment of some malignant tumors (glioma, prostate cancer, lung carcinoma, etc.); ω3 PUFA could be used for prophylactic of cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s sclerosis, senile dementia, skin diseases (protein synthesis control) and other diseases. The presented technology provides extraction of three preparations with different chemical composition and pharmacological activity. Both saturated and unsaturated AGE could be extracted using the property of different solubility in organic solvents for different components of the mixture of hydrolyzed lipids. The main component of the saturated AGE fraction is chimyl alcohol (90.5 %), but the unsaturated fraction contains 54.7 % of monounsaturated AGE. The ω3 PUFA are concentrated to summary 46 % content of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid by the method of fatty acids crystallization with carbamide. Comparing with traditional raw materials for АGE and ω3 PUFA production, as shark liver, the liver of gonatid squid is more suitable because of its high and accessible resources, whereas sharks are presented in bycatch only so cannot be considered as a stable source.

Three species of grenadiers dwell in the North Pacific waters of Russia. Their liver weights 4-7 % of the body weight but is never used. Its utilization for BASF production is proposed. For this purpose, chemical composition and properties of liver from the grenadier Albatrossia pectoralis are investigated. Content of inorganic cations, including toxic ones, in the liver satisfies the allowed standards. Wet liver contains 30 % of proteins and 68 % of lipids, mainly triacyl-glycerides (90 %) and phospholipids (4.5 %). The oil extracted from the liver has the acid number 1.8 KOH/g and the peroxide number 6.4 mmol after three months of frozen storage. Microbiological parameters of the liver are satisfactory after three months of frozen storage, too. Chitosan-lipid complex is prepared by treatment of water extract from the liver tissue (extracted by 5 : 1 solvent of water and natrium hydroxide during 15 hours at the temperature 10-15^oC and centrifuged) with chitosan solution and 3-hour sedimentation from water-soluble fraction. It contains mostly lipids (> 80 %, 23 % of them are saturated fatty acids, 73 % - monounsaturated fatty acids, and 4 % - polyunsaturated fatty acids) and a big amount of essential amino acids, so it could be used as a raw material for restorative BASF production. On the contrary, the water-soluble fraction is poor by proteins and free amino acids; its antioxidant activity is low. The raw oil from grenadier liver could be used in technics or veterinary.

Technology of milt preserve is developed for marine fish caught in the Far East of Russia. The milt is a perspective raw material possessing high food and biological value. Its ability for preserving is determined, indicators of preserving and organoleptic properties of finished product are investigated. The presented technology expands food assortment and provides rational utilization of fish raw materials.